On 22 May 2025, the US House of Representatives passed the "One Big Beautiful Bill Act" as part of a budgetary process known as reconciliation that exempts it from being subject to a filibuster in the Senate (Politico, Bipartisan Policy Center). Reconciliation is constrained by what is known as the Byrd Rule, which limits, among other things, "extraneous" provisions (Economic Policy Innovation Center). Included in that bill is a provision that would bar state and local governments from enforcing regulations on the development of artificial intelligence (Congress.gov - H.R.1 One Big Beautiful Bill Act, see SEC. 43201(c)). Whether the moratorium provision complies with the Byrd Rule is a matter of debate (Lawfare). Any legislation passed by the Senate outside of the reconciliation process is immaterial. A moratorium of any duration will count. A moratorium tied to the receipt of federal funding will count.

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